Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease mediated by immune attacks on the central nervous system myelin. Therapeutic advances have led to over 20 disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), including:
- Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (ocrelizumab, ofatumumab)
- S1P receptor modulators (fingolimod, ozanimod, ponesimod)
- Immune reconstitution therapies (alemtuzumab, cladribine)
The goal of MS treatment has evolved toward early, high-efficacy therapy to preventirreversible disability.