Behcet’s disease is a rare, chronic, multisystem vasculitis characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers, uveitis, skin lesions, and vascular, neurologic, and gastrointestinal involvement. Disease manifestations are driven by dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses, with a strong inflammatory and vasculitic component.
Management is tailored to organ involvement and disease severity. Mucocutaneous disease is often treated with colchicine and immunosuppressants, while severe organ involvement may require systemic corticosteroids, TNF inhibitors, interferon therapy, or other targeted biologics. Early recognition and multidisciplinary care are critical to preventing irreversible organ damage.